4 Eylül 2022 Pazar

sex -slaves ?

 But let them who find not [the means for] marriage abstain [from sexual relations] until Allah enriches them from His bounty. And those who seek a contract [for eventual emancipation] from among whom your right hands possess - then make a contract with them if you know there is within them goodness and give them from the wealth of Allah which He has given you. And do not compel your slave girls to prostitution, if they desire chastity, to seek [thereby] the temporary interests of worldly life. And if someone should compel them, then indeed, Allah is [to them], after their compulsion, Forgiving and Merciful.

[Surat an-Nur (24:33)]


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  • slavery
  • Quran 4:24 explanation
  • slave girls/ women -rape? claim
  • Asad Translation Note Number : 58
    As pointed out in several places (see, in particular, note [32] on 4:25 ), Islam does not countenance any form of concubinage, and categorically prohibits sexual relations between a man and a woman unless they are lawfully married to one another. In this respect, the only difference between a "free" woman and a slave is that whereas the former must receive a dower from her husband, no such obligation is imposed on a man who marries his rightfully owned slave (lit., "one whom his right hand possesses") - that is, a woman taken captive in a "holy war" (jihad ) waged in defence of the Faith or of liberty (note [167] on 2:190 and note [72] on 8:67 ) - : for, in such a case, the freedom conferred upon the bride by the very act of marriage is considered to be equivalent to a dower.

    4 :25 And as for those of you who, owing to circumstances, are not in a position29 to marry free believing women, [let them marry] believing maidens from among those whom you rightfully possess.30 And God knows all about your faith; each one of you is an issue of the other.31 Marry them, then, with their people's leave, and give them their cowers in an equitable manner - they being women who give themselves in honest wedlock, not in fornication, nor as secret love-companions.32 And when they are married, and thereafter become guilty of immoral conduct, they shall be liable to half the penalty to which free married women are liable.33 This [permission to marry slave-girls applies] to those of you who fear lest they stumble into evil.34 But it is for your own good to persevere in patience [and to abstain from such marriages]: and God is much-forgiving, a dispenser of grace.

    Asad Translation Note Number : 32
    Lit., "and not taking unto themselves secret love-companions". This passage lays down in an unequivocal manner that sexual relations with female slaves are permitted only on the basis of marriage, and that in this respect there is no difference between them and free women; consequently, concubinage is ruled out.
    2:190AND FIGHT in God's cause against those who wage war against you, but do not commit aggression - for, verily, God does not love aggressors.167
    This and the following verses lay down unequivocally that only self-defence (in the widest sense of the word) makes war permissible for Muslims. Most of the commentators agree in that the expression la ta'tadu signifies, in this context, "do not commit aggression"; while by al-mu'tadin "those who commit aggression" are meant. The defensive character of a fight "in God's cause" - that is, in the cause of the ethical principles ordained by God - is, moreover, self-evident in the reference to "those who wage war against you", and has been still further clarified in 22:39 - "permission [to fight] is given to those against whom war is being wrongfully waged" - which, according to all available Traditions, constitutes the earliest (and therefore fundamental) Qur'anic reference to the question of jihad, or holy war (see Tabari and Ibn Kathir in their commentaries on 22:39 ). That this early, fundamental principle of self-defence as the only possible justification of war has been maintained throughout the Qur'an is evident from 60:8 , as well as from the concluding sentence of 4:91 , both of which belong to a later period than the above verse.

    8 :67T DOES NOT behove a prophet to keep captives unless he has battled strenuously on earth.72 You may desire the fleeting gains of this world - but God desires [for you the good of] the life to come: and God is almighty, wise.

    Asad Translation Note Number : 72
    I.e., as an aftermath of a war in a just cause. As almost always in the Qur'an, an injunction addressed to the Prophet is, by implication, binding on his followers as well. Consequently, the above verse lays down that no person may be taken, or for any time retained, in captivity unless he was taken prisoner in a jihad - that is, a holy war in defence of the Faith or of freedom (regarding which see surah {2}, note [167]) - and that, therefore, the acquisition of a slave by "peaceful" means, and the keeping of a slave thus acquired, is entirely prohibited: which, to all practical purposes, amounts to a prohibition of slavery as a "social institution". But even with regard to captives taken in war, the Qur'an ordains (in 47:4 ) that they should be freed after the war is over.

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  • 4:24 Also women who are protected (by marriage), except for those who are entitled to your oaths/agreements. These are the laws that Allah has made obligatory upon you. Other than these, it is lawful for you, provided you live chastely, do not commit adultery, and ask for it with their mahr. Pay their dowries to those whom you like as an obligation. There is no harm in making a mutual agreement to set the mahr while fulfilling this fard. GOD is Knowing, Wise.
    4:25 Those of you who cannot afford to marry protected women (single or widowed) should marry women who have confirmed the truth of your oaths/agreements. Allah knows best the origin of your confirmation. You are equal to each other. Marry them with their owners' permission and paying their dowries accordingly. Let them live chastely, let them not commit adultery and make secret friends. If they commit adultery after being emancipated through marriage, half the punishment given to protected women should be applied to them. This is for those of you who are afraid to sin. It's better for you if you're patient. GOD is Forgiving, Merciful.
  • NOTES:

    4:024 The expression “Ma meleket eymanukum” has been translated by traditional translations as “those whom your right hands possess
  •  ”. This translation is understood as concubines who have lost their freedom under the control of the man. This traditional understanding contradicts other verses of the Qur'an. Because the Qur'an considers slavery as a custom of the polytheists and forbids it (79:24; 12:39-42; 90:13; 4:25). As an interesting example of elaboration, "eYMaN", the plural of the word "YeMiN" in this expression, is constantly used in the Qur'an to mean "contracts, oaths" (2:224; 2:225; 4:33; 5:89; 16:92,94) ; 66:2; 3:77; 5:53; 5:108; 6:109; 9:12,13; 16:38; 24:53; 35:42; 58:16; 63:2) the expression can be translated as: “the persons to whom your contracts are entitled” or “the ones you have rights over by your contracts” or if we read the word EYMAN (contracts) as an object rather than a subject then: “the persons who have your contracts” Marriage is a marriage that, as a rule, occurs with the consent and participation of both parties' families. It is a contract and announcement event. A married woman cannot be married without her husband's divorce. However, if a Muslim woman, whose husband is on the side of the enemies at war with the Muslims, immigrates to the country of the Muslims, she can be married by making a contract with that woman (60:10). In this case, the woman is considered to be legally divorced even though she does not divorce her husband, who is on the side of the enemy. Since the agreement with him is different from the normal marriage agreement, this relationship is described with such an expression. This is also the case for men whose wife is on the side of the enemy and immigrates to the country of Muslims. See: 24:31 and 33:55. The same expression is used for a person who works for someone else by contract. See: 16:71; 30:28. See also: 4:25,36; 23:6; 24:58; 33:50; 33:52; 70:30)
  • If a truth-teller woman leaves her disbelieving husband who is at war with the truth-certifiers and takes refuge in the affirmers, she does not need to divorce her ex-husband to get married. Take into account that divorce is a process that needs to be discussed in the presence of arbitrators of both parties and takes months. See also 60:10.

    HaSaNa, the root of the word Muhsanat in the verse, means protection (12:48; 21:80; 59:14). Muhsin is used for men who protect their chastity from extramarital sexual relations (5:5), while Muhsanat is for women who protect their chastity and is used for three groups: Single women who protect themselves from extramarital sex or are protected by their families (4:25; 21:91; 66:12), married women who protect themselves from extramarital sex (5:5; 4:24), or both groups (5:5; 24:4; 24:23). Every married woman is Muhsina, but not every Muhsina is a married woman.

    Our Lord clearly states that those who are not allowed to marry are halal, after stating 14 items about close relatives who are not allowed to marry. However, the books of Hadith, Sunnah and madhhab deny the judgment in 4:24 by adding another article to them with a slander against the prophet. Those who claim that it is haram to marry a woman with an aunt or aunt are both accusing Allah of forgetfulness and claiming that the prophet who conveyed the Qur'an to us contradicts the Qur'an. (6:19,38,114; 12:111; 19:64; 25:30).

    * 4:025 The current reality of that day, the institution of slavery, is abolished by the Qur'an (4:92; 5:89; 8:67; 24:32-33; 58:3; 90:13). Indeed, this verse emphasizes equality. See 60:10.by edip yüksel
  • It must be borne in mind that there is a specific word in Arabic language for female slaves and this word has been used at least twice in the Quran, once as a singular [“Amatun” which is used in 2:221] and secondly as a plural [“imaaun”, which is used in 24:32].

    The common interpretation of the term “Ma Malakat Aimanukum” as captive girls (with whom one can have free sex) is not warranted by the Quran. Many traditional Muslims have abused this term. They have followed corrupted scholars who have innovated and fabricated laws that have no basis in the true Islam and contradict the laws of Allah in the Quran.

    AN ANALYSIS OF THE TERM

    The term “Ma Malakat Aimanukum” literally has the following meanings:

    -What your right hands possess

    -What you rightfully have

    -What you [already] have

    -What is rightfully yours

    The Term “Ma Malakat Aimanukum” refers to a neutral gender which is applicable to both male and female.

    NOW LET US EXPLORE EACH KEY WORD IN THE TERM “MA MALAKAT AIMANUKUM”, A LITTLE FURTHER

    The word “Malakat” has the root meem-laam-kaaf [M-L-K]. It primary signification is:

    -To possess or own [something or someone], particularly with ability to have it to oneself exclusively

  • Other meanings include:

    -To have power to command or exercise authority

    -To acquire

    -To take over

    -To Marry

    As can be seen that one of the meanings is “to marry”. This is according to one of the most authentic dictionaries of Arabic language [Lisan-ul-Arab by Ibn-Manzoor Vol. 13, page 184]. Another authentic dictionary of Modern Arabic also describes this meaning [The Hans Wehrs Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, page 1081].

    According to Lisan-ul-Arab, al-milaak means

    -Marriage
    -The bond of holy matrimony

    According to the same dictionary, milaakun also means ‘Wife’

    The word “milkun” which has plural “amlaak” means:

    -Possessions
    -Lands
    -Fortune
    -Wealth
    -Real estate

    -Property

    The word “mulkun” means:

    -Sovereignty
    -Kingship
    -Possession
    -Right of possession [what is rightfully yours]

  • In the term “Ma Malakat Aimanukum”, the word MALAKAT is in the PAST tense, which signifies “What you ALREADY have”, or “what you ALREADY possess” or “what CAME in your possession”. The word, grammatically, cannot be taken as to mean “what you WILL possess” or “what you WILL have”. The future or present tense form of this word is altogether different and has been used in various verses of Quran [5:17, 5:76, 10:31, 13:16, 16:76, 17:56, 19:87, 20:89, 25:3, 29:7, 34:22, 34:42, 35:13, 39:43, 43:86, 82:19]

    NOW LET US SEE THE WORD “AIMANUKUM”

    The word “Aimanun” is the plural of “Yaminun” and means “Right hands”. The root of this word is ya-meem-noon [Y-M-N].

    The word “Yaminun” also means:

    -A covenant

    -An oath

    Ma Malakat aymanukum is a phrase used for the poor humans whom an oath has been pledged to be taken care of. They are not necessarily prisoners of wars but can be if one wishes to take under his special care (under oath) a war prisoner, ie raising his/her status.

    In 33:50, the prophet is told that among the categories of women lawful for marriage are Ma Malakat yaminuka (singular) FROM AMONG the prisoners of wars, which proves they are a separate group from war prisoners. Further in 33:55, the prophet's wives are not blamed for not wearing the veil in the presence of certain groups, including Ma Malakat aymanikum and this again excludes regular war prisoners. Or in 24:58 setting the limits of privacy inside a home between an adult and the rest of his/her household, including Ma Malakat aymanikum who cannot logically be war prisoners. In the context of marriage, they are also mentioned separately than regular male/female slaves 24:32-33.
    Ma malakat aymanikum are therefore some special people in society, weak and unable to provide for themselves. They might have families but are very poor to take care of them, Islam encourages a wealthy/capable believer to take them under his/her wing through an 
    oath that he/she will provide for them.

  • 16:71,4:33,24:33 remind the people of the moral obligation of sharing from what Allah has given them with the weak and poor, including Ma Malakat aymanikum. Then 4:36 clearly explains that the oath takers must provide Ma Malakat aymanikum i.e. those poor humans in our care under oath, equitably with everyone else "And serve Allah and do not associate any thing with Him and be good to the parents and to the near of kin and the orphans and the needy and the neighbor of (your) kin and the alien neighbor, and the companion in a journey and the wayfarer and Ma Malakat aymanukum; surely Allah does not love him who is proud, boastful".

    No sexual relation (fornication) is allowed with them outside of wedlock.

    Quran 4:3,24:33.

    CONCLUSION: Scripture has never permitted men to engage in immoral acts outside the institution of marriage whether this is from the category of free believing women, or from the category of “Ma Malakat Aymanukum”.



  • The Details: In the Time of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) slavery was something ordinary. Islam considered it as a temporal necessity which vanishes when its reasons/circumstances disappear. Therefore Islam gave laws and rules for Muslims about slavery including the following matters:







Jabir reported that 'Abdullah b. Ubayy b. Salul used to say to his slave-girl: Go and fetch something for us by committing prostitution. It was in this connection that Allah, the Exalted and Glorious, revealed this verse:" And compel not your slave-girls to prostitution when they desire to keep chaste in order to seek the frail goods of this world's life, and whoever compels them, then surely after their compulsion Allah is Forgiving, Merciful"

[Sahih Muslim and in a Version in Sunan abi Dawod the slave girl was named Musaykah]

  • Many expiation for sins where one could choose or has to free a slave.
  • Islam encouraged to free slaves:

Zakah expenditures are only for the poor and for the needy and for those employed to collect [zakah] and for bringing hearts together [for Islam] and for freeing captives [or slaves] and for those in debt and for the cause of Allah and for the [stranded] traveler - an obligation [imposed] by Allah . And Allah is Knowing and Wise.

[Surat at-Tawba(9:60)]

see also in sahih al-Bukahri and Muslim.


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